Translation and transliteration amongst related languages are important for administrative, business and social needs, for communication amongst people living in close proximity. However, most of the related languages have limited parallel corpora. In this talk, we discuss how techniques like factoring, pivoting, sub-word level transfer, byte-pair encoding etc. help tackle the challenge of resource scarcity. Multilingual translation also enhances acquisition of bilingual mappings. Transliteration is another task which is particularly helped by closeness of languages. The Orthographic similarity enables sharing of parameter and character representations among multiple languages in a neural encoder-decoder setting. The talk is based on our our multiple publications in the area of MT in ACL, COLING, EMNLP, TALLIP and so on.