In forensic speaker comparison, speech utterances are compared by humans and/or machines for use in investigation. It is a high-stakes application that can affect people's lives, therefore demanding the highest scientific standards. Unfortunately, methods used in practice vary widely --- and not always for the better. Methods and practices grounded in science are critical for proper application (and nonapplication) of speaker comparison to a variety of international investigative and forensic applications. This invited keynote, by Dr. Joseph P. Campbell of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, provides a critical analysis of current techniques employed and lessons learned. It is crucial to improve communication between automatic speaker recognition researchers, legal scholars and forensic practitioners internationally. This involves addressing, for instance, central legal, policy, and societal questions such as allowing speaker comparisons in court, requirements for expert witnesses, and requirements for specific automatic or human-based methods to be considered scientific. This keynote is intended as a roadmap in that direction.