ISCA Archive Interspeech 2025
ISCA Archive Interspeech 2025

Articulatory variations in Apical Vowels in Southwestern Mandarin

Jing Huang, Feng-fan Hsieh, Yueh-chin Chang

This study examines the acoustic and articulatory characteristics of apical vowels in Southwestern Mandarin (SWM) using electromagnetic articulography (EMA). Data were collected from seven speakers in their twenties, focusing apical vowels, the high vowel [i], and their er-suffixed forms. Two distinct patterns emerged: Type A speakers demonstrated differential tongue configurations for apical vowels (si with dental/alveolar position, shi with alveolo-palatal position), while Type B speakers showed similar configurations for both vowels. Type A findings align with previous research on Standard Chinese, confirming that apical vowels share place features with preceding sibilants and showing higher F2 values for shi. However, Type B revealed an intriguing articulatoryacoustic mismatch: despite showing significant differences in horizontal Tongue Tip and Tongue Body positions, these vowels exhibited no significant formant differences. This unexpected pattern suggests a more complex relationship between articulatory configuration and acoustic output in apical vowel production than previously documented.